Do you agree that the d and f block elements are the lesser known elements of the periodic table as compared to the other elements? Yet they find their use in various industries. In this topic, we are going to learn about the numerous applications of d and f block elements. Let’s find out what they are.
The d-block of the modern periodic table consists of elements of the groups 3 to 12 in which the orbitals consist of progressively in each of the four long periods. The elements constituting the f – block is those elements in which the 4 f and 5 f are progressively in the later of the two long periods.
These elements are actually formal members of the group three from which they have been taken out to form a separate f – block of the periodic table. The d – block elements acquire the name of transition elements as they represent a significant change in properties from highly electropositive s – block elements to the least electropositive p – block elements.
The transition metals are those elements which have filled incompletely d – subshells in their ground state or in any one of their oxidation state or in any compound form. Cu, Ag and Au are the most common transition metals because, in their commonly occurring states, they have partly filled d – subshells.
Zn, Cd and Hg of group 12 do not have partly filled d – subshell in their elementary state or commonly occurring oxidation state, and hence, are not considered as transition elements. However, being the end members their chemistry becomes understood with transition elements. The Electronic Configuration is ( n-1)d 1-10 ns 1-2
Are there any applications of d and f block elements? Definitely, each of the elements in the d and f block, have a specific set of properties. This makes them useful for a variety of purposes. Over the years, scientists have studied and arrived at many such useful applications of d and f block elements. This makes them viable for use. Let’s start with the uses of d Block elements.
The uses of the d block elements are:
Some applications of the f block elements are:
Q: Discuss some of the properties of the d block elements.
Ans: The elements with a halfway filled d-subshell are d-block elements. They also go by the name ‘transition elements’ because they form a transition between metals and non-metals. The d and f block contains both metals and non-metals. The transition elements can be either regular transition elements or the non-typical transition elements. The d – block has three arrangements, each of ten elements.
These arrangements are described by the totally filled 3d, 4d, and 5d subshells and are named as 3d – (first series) which include Sc – Zn, 4d arrangement (second series) which includes Y-Cd and the 5d arrangement (third series) which includes La-Hg separately.
There is a deficient fourth series comprising of just three elements in particular Ac, Ku, and Ha. In these elements, the 6d subshell begins to fill at Ac. Out of these, elements like iron, cobalt and nickel are used in making magnets.
